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Why the Acting CEO of VRA Should Never Be Confirmed: A Deep Dive into the Akosombo Dam Spillage Crisis

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BEYOND EARLY DETECTION: WHAT HAPPENS AFTER A BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS? 

  Breast cancer awareness must go beyond pink ribbons, screening campaigns and calls for early detection. Ghana must also confront whether its health system is adequately prepared to care for those who receive a diagnosis. Every October, pink ribbons, awareness campaigns and screening activities remind us of the importance of early detection in the fight against breast cancer. Across workplaces, churches, communities and health facilities, women are encouraged to examine their breasts, attend screening programmes and seek medical attention when they notice unusual changes. These messages are important. Early detection can improve treatment outcomes and save lives. But after losing someone I cared deeply about to breast cancer, I have found myself reflecting on a question that deserves equal attention: What happens after early detection? Let me call her Abena. Abena was a woman in her late thirties, a working professional who had spent more than a decade advocating for breast cancer awareness. She organised screening activities within her church and workplace and encouraged other women to take their breast health seriously. She understood the importance of early detection and actively promoted it. In August 2023, she discovered a lump in her armpit. An initial ultrasound examination reportedly indicated that the finding was benign. However, the swelling persisted, and a month later she noticed changes in her left breast. Further investigations, including biopsy, eventually confirmed breast cancer in November 2023. What followed was a difficult journey through the healthcare system. The physician who requested the investigations had travelled outside the country by the time the results became available. Abena was asked to wait until the physician returned before a referral could be made to the next level of care. Eventually, a colleague facilitated the referral. At the oncology unit, she was informed that the workload was high and that an arrangement described to her as "intramural" payment could secure an earlier appointment. Without this payment, her first appointment would have been in February 2024. She paid and was seen that same day. Subsequent review visits also involved additional payments.   The financial demands did not end with securing appointments. Each chemotherapy session cost approximately GH¢2,000, while a supportive injection administered after each session cost about GH¢900 at the time. The medication was provided for administration by health workers at a nearby facility. Abena completed eight cycles of chemotherapy and was preparing for a total mastectomy. Throughout this period, her health deteriorated. She experienced significant complications, including loss of sight and speech, and eventually died in June 2024. Yet, even while battling the illness, she managed to complete her Master of Laws programme. Her determination to keep going remains one of the things I remember most about her. I share Abena's story not to suggest that every aspect of her care was inappropriate or that one experience represents the entire health system. Neither can I establish that the challenges she encountered alone determined the outcome of her illness. However, her experience raises difficult questions about access, affordability, referral coordination and the support available to patients navigating serious illnesses in Ghana. A diagnosis should mark the beginning of a coordinated response, not the beginning of another struggle to find care. BEYOND AWARENESS: EXAMINING THE HEALTH SYSTEM  Early detection is only one part of the cancer care pathway. Following a suspicious finding, patients need timely diagnostic investigations, clear communication of results, appropriate referral, specialist consultation, treatment and continuous follow-up. These services must work together. Delays at any point can create additional anxiety, financial pressure and uncertainty for patients. This is particularly important when viewed against Ghana's commitment to achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by 2030. The Sustainable Development Goals, especially SDG 3, call on countries to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages. Target 3.8 specifically commits countries to universal health coverage, including access to quality essential healthcare services, affordable medicines and financial risk protection. These commitments must translate into meaningful experiences for people who seek care. Universal health coverage cannot be measured simply by the number of people who enter a health facility or the availability of screening services. It must also be reflected in whether patients receive the right diagnosis at the right time, whether referrals lead to actual access to care, whether treatment is affordable and whether continuity of care is assured. The question is not only whether we can detect diseases early, but whether our health system is prepared to respond effectively when we do. Patient navigation is one area that deserves greater attention in strengthening cancer care. Nurse navigators play an important role in helping patients move through what can be a complex and overwhelming healthcare pathway. They support coordination of appointments and referrals, facilitate communication between patients and healthcare providers, help identify financial and psychosocial barriers and promote continuity throughout treatment. Ghana has made efforts to introduce and strengthen patient navigation services. However, we must look beyond the existence of individual initiatives and ask questions about their reach and sustainability. How many breast cancer nurse navigators are available across the country? How many have undergone structured, competency-based training in patient navigation? Are these services accessible to patients outside the major tertiary hospitals? Do we have adequate systems for their deployment, supervision and continued professional development? A patient navigator should not merely direct a patient from one department to another. The role requires the knowledge and skills to coordinate care, anticipate barriers and help ensure that patients are not lost along the treatment pathway. Strengthening this service should therefore form part of our broader investment in cancer care. The challenges highlighted by Abena's experience are also not exclusive to cancer. Patients living with hypertension, diabetes, stroke, kidney disease and other chronic conditions face similar needs for timely diagnosis, appropriate referral, affordable medicines, regular monitoring and continuity of care. As the burden of non-communicable diseases continues to increase, the demands on our health system will become even greater. This is therefore a broader health-system concern. We need to examine how effectively our services are organised to support patients from the point of first contact through diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and follow-up. The ability to provide continuous, coordinated and person-centered care must become a central measure of the quality of our healthcare delivery. TURNING POLICY COMMITMENTS INTO PATIENT EXPERIENCES  Ghana's Free Primary Healthcare initiative presents an opportunity to strengthen access to essential services, improve early identification of health conditions and reduce barriers at the primary healthcare level. Similarly, the Ghana Medical Trust Fund offers an opportunity to address some of the financial challenges associated with serious and chronic illnesses. These are important interventions, but their impact will depend on how effectively they connect with the wider health system. Expanding access to primary healthcare must be accompanied by adequate diagnostic capacity, functional referral systems, specialist services, essential medicines and a health workforce equipped to provide quality care. Financial support must also translate into access to the actual services patients need and when they need them. We must be careful not to create a situation where patients are encouraged to seek early care but encounter delays, prohibitive costs or limited treatment options once a serious diagnosis is confirmed. Access to healthcare should not end at the point of screening or diagnosis. It must extend throughout the patient's journey. This also calls for deliberate investment in the health workforce. Nurses and midwives are central to patient education, early identification, care coordination, treatment support and follow-up. Their capacity must be strengthened through appropriate training, adequate staffing, supportive working environments and the resources required to deliver quality care. Patient navigation, for instance, should not depend solely on isolated projects or the commitment of a few individuals. It should be deliberately integrated into the organisation of cancer services. BEYOND OCTOBER: A CALL FOR NATIONAL REFLECTION  Breast cancer awareness should not end when October ends. Screening campaigns and public education remain essential, but they must be matched by a health system that can respond to the needs of those who receive a diagnosis. Abena's story is a reminder that behind every diagnosis is a mother, a family and a future that may depend on how effectively the health system responds. It is also a reminder that the success of our health policies should ultimately be judged by the experiences and outcomes of the people they are intended to serve. As a country working towards UHC by 2030, we must move beyond counting the number of people screened, educated or reached through awareness campaigns. We must also ask whether those who need further investigations can access them promptly, whether referrals are completed, whether treatment is affordable and whether patients receive the support required to complete their care. This reflection is in honour of Abena and the souls our health system might have failed. Their stories should challenge us to look beyond awareness and confront the gaps that patients encounter when they need care the most. Early detection is important. But what happens afterwards is equally important. And so, beyond the pink ribbons, the screening campaigns and the annual calls for early detection, I leave us with one question: WHAT'S NEXT AFTER EARLY DETECTION?  I hope this question will spark a much-needed national conversation among policymakers, healthcare professionals, health institutions, civil society, communities and every Ghanaian who depends on the health system. We must collectively examine whether our healthcare delivery system is adequately prepared not only to detect illnesses, but also to provide timely, affordable, quality and continuous care to those who need it. Maame Akosua Serwaa Gyening Email: masagg30@gmail.com  

 

The recent events surrounding the Akosombo Dam and Kpong Dam’s spillage have raised serious concerns about the leadership at the Volta River Authority (VRA). The actions of the former Chief Executive Officer, Ing. Emmanuel Antwi-Darkwa, and the current acting CEO, Ing. Edward Ekow Obeng Kenzo, have sparked outrage, particularly due to the disastrous consequences of their handling of the dam’s excess water spillage. The resulting floods displaced thousands and put the security of the Akosombo Dam itself at risk. This crisis has left many questioning whether these individuals are fit to lead the VRA, and whether Ing. Edward Kenzo, in particular, should ever be confirmed as the CEO.
A Preventable Disaster
In September 2023, the VRA began spilling excess water from the Akosombo and Kpong Dams. This is not the first time the dams have been spilled, but what set this spillage apart was the devastating scale of the flooding it caused. Thousands of people were displaced, communities in the Volta, Eastern, and Greater Accra regions were submerged, and the entire situation compromised the safety of the Akosombo Dam itself. While such events require careful planning and execution, the VRA’s handling of the situation raises serious questions about leadership and competence.
In fact, the Akosombo Dam was successfully spilled in 2010 under the leadership of former presidents Mills and Mahama, with no flooding occurring. Several of the experts who helped manage the 2010 spillage are still with the VRA today. Strangely, however, they were not consulted or involved in the planning of the 2023 spillage. Instead, the job was left to individuals with minimal experience in hydro operations, including the current acting CEO, Ing. Edward Kenzo.

Poor Planning and Negligence
Reports indicate that the decision to spill the water was made by Ing. Edward Kenzo on September 15, 2023. What’s particularly alarming is the fact that the VRA’s spillage planning has traditionally involved the Energy Minister and VRA’s Board members. This time, however, the process took place without their input, which is a serious deviation from standard practice.
The VRA had ample time to prepare for the spillage. According to checks, by July 2023, water levels in the dam had already crossed critical thresholds, signaling the need for immediate action. The volume of water coming into the dam was nearly five times the long-term average, yet the spillage did not begin until September. Experts argue that the VRA should have started controlled spillage as early as July to prevent the large volumes of water from causing widespread flooding. Instead, the VRA delayed the spillage and allowed water levels to reach dangerous levels, putting the dam’s integrity at risk and ultimately leading to the devastating floods.

A CEO Who Failed to Act Responsibly
Ing. Edward Kenzo, the man in charge of overseeing the operation, has defended his actions, stating on a popular TV program that everything went according to plan. This claim is hard to reconcile with the overwhelming evidence that the VRA had the data and historical knowledge to predict the disastrous consequences of delaying the spillage. Rather than take responsibility for the chaos, Kenzo has failed to visit affected communities or offer any sign of empathy or concern for the thousands of people whose lives have been upended.
The lack of planning for the displacement of over 40,000 people also reflects poorly on the leadership at VRA. Despite knowing that such a large-scale spillage would displace many, the plans put in place to manage the humanitarian crisis that followed was not the best. This oversight further demonstrated the incompetence of the leadership under Kenzo’s watch.

Why Kenzo Should Not Be Confirmed as CEO
The role of a CEO requires foresight, responsibility, and the ability to make informed decisions, especially when managing a critical national resource like the Akosombo Dam. Ing. Kenzo’s actions (or lack thereof) have shown a failure to properly assess the risks involved and plan accordingly. His decision to delay the spillage, despite clear warning signs, led directly to catastrophic flooding that displaced thousands of people. Additionally, his inability to take responsibility and visit affected communities further tarnishes his credibility as a leader.
A CEO must be someone who can navigate complex situations and prioritize the safety and well-being of the people affected by such decisions. The handling of the 2023 Akosombo Dam spillage crisis shows that Ing. Edward Kenzo does not possess these qualities. His failure to act swiftly and responsibly in this situation should disqualify him from being confirmed as the permanent CEO of the VRA.
In conclusion, the disastrous flooding resulting from the poor management of the Akosombo and Kpong dams highlights serious flaws in the leadership of the VRA. The current acting CEO, Ing. Edward Kenzo, has proven himself unfit to lead the organization, and as such, should not be confirmed as the permanent CEO. His inability to manage the crisis effectively, his lack of accountability, and his failure to prioritize the safety and well-being of affected communities are all reasons why he should not hold this important position. The people of Ghana deserve better leadership at the VRA, especially when it comes to the management of critical national infrastructure.

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